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| honorific_suffix = |image = Jafar sadegh-23526254.png | image_size = | alt = | caption = Ja`far Ṣādiq with Moalla calligraphy | birth_name = | birth_date = CE (17 Rabi' al-awwal 83 AH) | birth_place = Medina, Umayyad Empire | death_date = (15 Shawwal 148 AH) | death_place = Medina, Umayyad Empire | death_cause = Death by poisoning according to most Shi'a Muslims | resting_place = Jannatul Baqi, Saudi Arabia | resting_place_coordinates = | monuments = | residence = | other_names = Ja'far ibn Muḥammad ibn `Ali | ethnicity = `Arab (Quraysh) | years_active = | agent = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | title = | term = 733–765 CE | predecessor = Muhammad al-Baqir | successor = ''disputed'' Twelvers — Musa al-Kadhim Isma‘ilis — Isma‘il ibn Ja‘far Aftahis — Abdullah al-Aftah | movement = | opponents = | religion = Islam | spouse = Fatima bint al-Hussain'l-Athram Hamīdah al-Barbariyyah | children = | parents = Muhammad al-Baqir Farwah bint al-Qasim | relatives = | module = | website = | footnotes = | box_width = }} Ja'far ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣādiq ((アラビア語:جعفر بن محمد الصادق); 700 or 702–765 C.E.), commonly known as ''Ja'far al-Sadiq'' or simply al-Sadiq (The Truthful), is the sixth Shia Imam. He was a descendant of Ali from his father Muhammad al-Baqir's side and a descendant of Abu Bakr from his mother Farwa's side. He is the last individual to be recognized by all Shia sects as an Imam (except the Zaydiyyah), and is revered by Sunni Muslims as a transmitter of Hadith and a prominent jurist. Al-Sadiq was born in either 700 or 702 CE. He inherited the position of imam from his father in his mid-thirties. As imam, al-Sadiq stayed out of the political conflicts that embroiled the region, evading the many requests for support that he received from rebels. He was the victim of some harassment by the Abbasid caliphs, and was eventually, according to most Shi'a Muslims, poisoned at the orders of the Caliph al-Mansur. He was a significant figure in the formulation of Shia doctrine. The traditions recorded from al-Sadiq are said to be more numerous than all hadiths recorded from all other Shiite imams combined. As the founder of "Ja'fari jurisprudence", al-Sadiq also elaborated the doctrine of ''Nass'' (divinely inspired designation of each imam by the previous imam), and ''Ismah'' (the infallibility of the imams), as well as that of Taqiyyah. The question of succession after al-Sadiq's death was the cause of division among Shiites who considered his eldest son, Isma'il (who had died before his father) to be the next imam, and those who believed his third son Musa al-Kadhim was the imam. The first group became known as the Ismailis and the second, larger, group was named Ja'fari or the Twelvers.〔 ==Birth and early life== Ja'far al-Sadiq was born in Medina either in 80/699–700 or 83/703–704. On his father's side he was a great-great grandson of Ali, the first Shiite imam. His mother, Farwah bint al-Qasim was a great-granddaughter of Abu Bakr. Al-Sadiq was the first of the Shiite imams to be descended from both Abu Bakr the first ruler of the Rashidun Caliphate, and Ali, the first Shiite imam. During the first fourteen years of his life he lived alongside his grandfather Zayn al-Abedin, and witnessed the latter's withdrawal from politics. He also noted the respect that the famous jurists of Medina held toward Zayn al-Abedin in spite of his few followers. In his mother's house al-Sadiq also interacted with his grandfather Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr, who was respected by the people of Medina as a famous traditionalist. During this period, Umayyad power was at its climax, and the childhood of al-Sadiq was coincided with the growing interest of the people of Medina in prophetic science and interpretations of the Quran.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ja'far al-Sadiq」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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